Art Appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Art Appreciation - Essay Example Although these artists came from different places, their works exhibited some similarities. Equally, they had many differences including the intention and purpose of their artworks. During the ancient time, the pharaohs and other Egyptian authorities were powerful and had much influence on every economic sector. As a result, Egyptians were subjected to strict artistic laws. The authorities ensured every artist in the country worked and performed his/her acts under the specific rules of symmetry enacted by the government (Robins 12). In addition, the authorities dictated their work and used them mostly for ceremonial activities organized in the country. On the other hand, Greeks had freedom and power to perform their arts freely without interference from the government. They had the freedom to use their talents and gifts to experiment with every style and concept they liked or saw. As a result, art in Greece was a way of expressing ones thoughts and ideas freely as opposed to Egypt where artists were restricted and had suggestions of what to do from the authorities. Furthermore, Egyptian artist`s works were much more religion-oriented. They did pictures and portraits depicting their gods with holy writings of the scriptures on their artworks. Most of their royal hieroglyphs and incantations were written throughout their beautiful and attractive pyramids (Robins 18). Furthermore, due to the authoritative and influential nature of their kings and officials, artists viewed their king as holy and divine and did most of their artworks to honor and respect them. In contrast, in Greece artworks were not religious oriented. These groups of brilliant and creative artists did their work based on the philosophy and moral balance. Most of their artworks reflected their thoughts and views on various important and pressing issues in the society and world at large. For instance, Greeks statues exhibited emotions. Greeks brought out their real

Zara Summary Essay Example for Free

Zara Summary Essay Global apparel chain are characterized by unique combinations of high value research, design that they have been pursued for quite some time. Almost more than 30% percent of world production apparel was exported. Lots of company making their manufacturing production on the developing country, because of some factor of the cheap labor intensive. Some country are keen to supply their product to the country that has a very low quote restrictions like China supply their product to Japan where there are no quota restrictions. Some country also do like combining all of the resources part from other country and combine it, like in making a jacket, the zipper come from Japan, the shell from Korea, the jacket filling from Japan, and the label, and other trim are from Hong Kong. Apparel retailing usually try to promote quick response that is needed to improve coordination between the manufacturer and the retailer itself. This is used to increase flexibility and response. The main competitor of Zara are GAP, HM, Benetton. All of them have a comparative advantage among each other. More than 90% percent of GAP product are outsourced from outside US, GAP do this to get the competitive advantage of cheap labor, also, they are lack of clear fashion positioning. HM are Inditex closest competitors from all side. They generate more than half sales outside the country. They have a cheaper price than ZARA. The last is Benneton, they focus on a colored knitwear. They are labor intensive. They use a strategy of narrowing their product lines. Basically, Inditex are global specialty retailer that sell apparel, footwear and accessories for women, children, and men through a prominent store like Zara and others. They are headquartered in Galatia to get the advantage of poor labor and other advantage. There are 6 chains that Inditex worked with which Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho and Zara. This are all the prominent chain. That are all the chain in 2002, but in May 2001, Inditex sold 26% percent of their share to the public to raise cash. The largest chain of Inditex are Zara that are oprated in 507 stores in various countries. Zara has it’s own way to track consumer preferences. Zara usually supply the store directly from the main distributor which usually take twice a week. Zara can work very fast regarding the finished goods, with the systematic technique, they can be able to have a finished goods including finishing the design in just 4 weeks. Zara has it’s own professional creative team, designer and consulting team, product development and sourcing specialist. Zara focused it’s product distribution from internal and external supplier. That passes through the distribution center in Arteixo and than it is distributed on the store to saves time. By the time going, Zara want to improve their model to be more sophisticated based on the trends to increase consumer loyalty and keep maintaining the lower prices than the competitor. Zara only do a small amount of advertising campaign. They focused on the freshness of the product that stay up to date with the changing environments.

Impact of the Internationalisation of Renminbi (RMB)

Impact of the Internationalisation of Renminbi (RMB) Impacts of the Internationalisation of renminbi (RMB) on global economic order Bryan Tan Xian Zhen China is currently the largest goods trading nation and has the second largest economy in terms of GDP after United States (US). Goldman Sachs in 2011 stated that China could overtake US in terms of GDP as earliest as 2019.In the following essay, I will like to focus more on the positive impacts of China’s currency, renminbi being internationalised and the effects on the prevailing economic order which US is leading the pack. A country’s currency which has â€Å"reserve currency† status will be able to influence the global economy and politics which also in turn reflect its global strength. Since financial crisis 2009, Chinese government started to promote more eagerly and widely the internationalisation of renminbi which is currently not fully convertible yet. Internationalising the currency means renminbi will be used as a medium of exchange across China’s borders and as the store of value as a reserve currency. We must acknowledge that there will be positive impacts from the internationalisation of renminbi. Nevertheless, internationalisation of renminbi will also caused negative repercussions namely on current global economic order as spill-over effect. One of the negative impacts is that China’s exports will become less competitive and relatively less cheap as renminbi is prone to revaluation if the currency is internationalised. China’s current account may deteriorate and trade surplus will decrease. Besides, liberalisation of China’s capital market by internationalising the renminbi could lead to massive amount of inflow or outflow of capitals which will destabilise the economy and being vulnerable to global speculative attacks which caused the Asian Financial Crisis 1998. Drastic and rapid financial reforms like internationalisation of renminbi could also risk the internal stability and the governing position of communist party of China (CPC) as China’s local state owned enterprises (SOE) will suffer the most since they over rely on the state regulated low renminbi exchange rate, this could possibly create a downward spiral when SOEs start to lay off their workers to reduce cost. On the other hand, renminbi being internationalised will have positive impacts on the world economy and enhance China’s position in the global economic order. China could embrace the opportunity as the world largest trading nation by internationalising renminbi. Presently, renminbi is underutilised with only 0.24% world payment settled in renminbi (CNY) against its importance in world trade which China accounts 11.4%. With renminbi being more widely used in cross border trades, it facilitates more business transactions and trades with China’s onshore companies and the rest of the world; this will also lead to more capital inflow and foreign direct investment from abroad which are beneficial as fund for economic growth. For example, small medium enterprises (SME) in China benefit most since they can receive better rate of loans as well as more capital to expand their business while acquiring better equipments which will induce the economic productivity in long run. Moreo ver, cross border trade settlement also prevent excessive foreign exchange cost and risk due to fluctuation in the foreign exchange open market. To illustrate, recently People’s Bank of China had expand the clearing and settlement of renminbi payment facilities to Frankfurt and London which promote more business transactions in Europe trading zone and more convenient to the corporations. Therefore renminbi being an international currency, could prevent China falling into middle income trap as a result of rising minimum wages, less competitive exports and less growth in productivity, by promoting the ease and convenience of investing and trading with China. This will in turn strengthened or at least maintained the position of China being one the leading power in the global economic order. Currently, US dollar has been shaping the global economic order as the dominant reserve currency for the last three decades which account approximately 60% of total foreign exchange reserves of countries. However since the collapse of Bretton Woods System 1971, US dollar is just a fiat money which is inconvertible to commodities such as gold. Thus, US dollar is vulnerable to lose its dominant reserve currency status particularly when the people lost confidence of its value due to the huge injections of US dollar into the market by the US Federal Reserve to ease the recession which in long run it might cause hyperinflation. This incident had make renminbi as a possible alternative to US dollar as a store of value in the route to become the next world key reserve currency which provides people with more choice and liquidity. Commodity is essential for every country’s economic growth including natural resources such as steel, natural gas and petroleum which are mostly linked to US dollar. Some also refer US dollar as petrodollar since members of OPEC (Organisation of the petroleum countries) are require to trade petroleum for US dollar, this in turn create a constant demand for US dollar regardless of US domestic economic condition since most countries need to import petroleum and this further reinforce US dollar status as the world reserve currency. However, USA had taken the opportunity to issue more debt denominated in USD and run large budget deficit without devaluing it drastically in view of US dollar being the â€Å"petrodollar†. Besides, US dollar tends to fluctuate more lately as the US economy is still in recession with high unemployment rate and weak domestic spending. As a result, companies and countries are force to hedge against the US dollar or even the commodity price; this i n turn caused higher transaction cost for hedging purposes and also less positive economic outlook which lead to lower business investment in the future. So, actually China could exert its power as a global economic powerhouse by permitting the trade of natural resources particularly with Africa to be settled in renminbi. China’s check and balance action could benefits itself and other countries by urging US policymakers to be more sensitive with the spill-over effects caused by their decisions and also strengthening China’s position in current global economic order. Despite, the Chinese government begun to promote vigorously the internationalisation of renminbi, currently China do not appear to possess the huge appetite to make renminbi as the next sole dominant reserve currency by replacing US dollar. Instead some experts believed that Chinese government will prefer to challenge the current global monetary system by having renminbi as one of the key reserve currencies alongside with Euro, Sterling Pound and Yen which will affect the current global economic order by strengthening the economic position of countries who are in a favourable situation due to this outcome while restraining the global economic influence of USA. Actually if Chinese government decided to carry out this plan, they could enjoy more benefits by having multiple currencies comprising equally in the total foreign exchange reserves of countries without bearing the huge sole responsibility of being the only dominant reserve currency. In addition, with China’s lack of strong sustainable economic growth in the coming years, it is unlikely for renminbi to claim the reserve currency status easily, as a result of China’s aging working population, growing income inequality among the lower middle class and the upper class, insufficient energy and food resources, rising political tension with its’ neighbouring countries like Vietnam and Japan due to disputable islands. Therefore, it is more practical for China to aim to become one of the key reserve currencies instead of the sole dominant reserve currency which will automatically enhance their role in the current economic order with more bargaining power at the world stage. In short, it is not difficult to write off the possibility of renminbi in replacing US dollar solely as the next largest global reserve currency since China having to face many challenges ahead ranging from regional political tension to China’s internal social unrest. However, China’s renminbi is more likely to become a international currency and also one of the key reserve currencies alongside Euro Pound in the coming years, if the Chinese government continue to advocate the development of renminbi internationalisation with credible commitment at the expense of China having cheaper price of exports. As a result, internationalisation of renminbi will have more positive impacts on the current economic order by being the medium of exchange as a international currency which facilitate and ease the trade settlement of goods and commodities with more liquidity. Besides, renminbi can be used to store the value of assets as one of the world key reserve currencies and also pro vide alternative to the people. Thus, Internationalisation of renminbi had established China as a force to be reckoned with, in the global economic order. (1405 words) References: Dr Zha Xiao gang, â€Å"The International Political Economy of Renminbi Internationalization†, Fifth session, IISS Seminar, 2012, pages 1-10. SWIFT, â€Å"RMB internationalisation: implications for the global financial industry†, white paper, 2011, pages 2-4. Richard Fisher, â€Å"Internationalization of the Renminbi†, report on the conference, 2012, pages 3-11.

Why does Holden fear adulthood? Essay -- English Literature

Why does Holden fear adulthood? The novel catcher in the rye is set in the 1950’s and is narrated by a young boy called Holden Caulfield who is sixteen years old. He tells the story between the end of his school term and Christmas break. We know he is in a mental hospital and is telling the story of a few days he spent in New York city, he shares his feelings, emotions and opinions against the world surrounding him. Holden Caulfield, he is a person who feels the need to be in control of everything in his life, but the problem comes when he finds himself in the transition between childhood and adulthood. Holden wants and tries to act like an adult, but is unable to accept the fact he is becoming one, perhaps because of his association of adulthood with phonies and all he hates. By being in the stage where he is, he manages to avoid change, control his world with his own hands, yet creates a paradox between what he is, and what he wants to be. Possibly the main reason to why Holden doesn’t want to become an adult is his perception of †phoniness† and hypocrisy surrounding adult society. Holden shows his criticism towards most of the grownups who intervene in his life, specially those related to his schools. We can take Ossenburger as an example, he represents everything Holden hates, wealthy famous character who for Holden only gives phony speeches on how to live life. â€Å"He said he talked to Jesus all the time. Even when he was driving his car. That killed me, I can just see the big phony bastard shifting into first gear and asking Jesus to send him a few more stiffs† (Pg 17). This is just one of many examples Holden sees as fake. Phoniness is his main concern against society. Holden lacks the capa... ...and wanted to be an adult. Holden fears becoming an adult in mind and heart, but wants to become one in his actions. He wants to be safe but take chances. It’s a battle between childhood and adulthood, between innocence and phoniness. This battle is what has made Holden’s world an illusion, what has made him a madman. Holden fears landing form his illusion, becoming what he despises, knowing his protection is lost and knowing he is vulnerable to the world. What we see in Holden is probably not uncommon at all, he wishes to be a child at mind where it satisfies him internally but an adult in his actions, just like everyone, they get the side of the situation which satisfies them most. We never see what Holden becomes, but we see how his paradoxical way of acting and thinking is just a reflection of his fear of taking the full step into the adult society.

Bringing Trauma Home: Spouses of Paramedics

The profession of emergency care inevitably brings along with it a lot of stress, both mental and physical. Paramedics and other emergency care professionals are faced with a multitude of varying situations ranging from harsh weather to violent patients and emotionally draining experiences such as witnessing extensively injured patients or deaths. Moreover, these individuals are also faced with different hassles such as working in exhaustive shifts, overtime issues and variable schedules (Blakely & Timmons, 2008; Regehr, Goldberg, & Hughes, 2002).All these factors not only influence the paramedics themselves but also have a significant impact on their families. Studies have shown the existence of the phenomenon of secondary trauma (Figley, 1995 cited in Regehr, Goldberg, & Hughes, 2002), or vicarious traumatization (McCann & Pearlman, 1990; Saakvitne & Pearlman, 1996 cited in Regehr, Goldberg, & Hughes, 2002) amongst mental health workers who have been exposed to individuals who are faced with traumatizing experiences.It has been proven that being exposed to the traumatic experiences of others predisposes individuals to develop symptoms of anxiety, sleep disturbances and affective arousal (Regehr, Goldberg, & Hughes, 2002). Studies have revealed that emergency workers including ambulance personnel have a high incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Jonsson, Segesten, & Mattsson, 2003). Other studies reveal that by witnessing the trauma and suffering of victims, paramedics develop secondary trauma and if they share their experiences with their family members, they too might experience vicarious traumatization (Blakely & Timmons, 2008).Different individuals have been shown to deal with the stress in different ways. Some individuals might share their experiences with their family members and seek emotional support from them. In doing so, they inadvertently expose their family members to the same distress and anguish that they are experiencing. Thus fam ilies when extending their support towards the paramedics, who need to cope with the work-related stress, may themselves fall prey to developing mental distress via the process of secondary trauma (Blakely & Timmons, 2008).On the other hand, some individuals may cope with the work-related stress that they experience via emotional numbing, whereby they display a loss of affect and emotional detachment (Regehr, Bringing the trauma home: Spouses of Paramedics, 2005). They may thereby have impaired family functioning and limited interactions with their family members (Regehr, Bringing the trauma home: Spouses of Paramedics, 2005). Both these coping strategies have thus been proven to indirectly have a negative influence on the family members of paramedics.In addition, work stress has also been shown to impair the family functioning of paramedics (Blakely & Timmons, 2008). Another problem that the family members, in particular the spouses of paramedics have to face is dealing with the to ugh routine that these individuals have. Other concerns of the family members include the health risks and the physical violence that the emergency care personnel are prone to (Blakely & Timmons, 2008).Thus, the work-related mental stress experienced by personnel involved in emergency care does not only have impact on their own life and health but also on their family members, in particular their spouses. It therefore becomes imperative to study the influence and consequences of the mental distress which the paramedics face on their family lives and relationship, determine factors which influence the development of these problems, and hence improvise strategies to minimize the potential harm and risks associated with these problems.Qualitative versus Quantitative research design for addressing this issue When undertaking research to address any issue, two different kinds of research methods exist, viz. qualitative and quantitative methods. The choice of the research method depends o n the study question. When an exploration of the various aspects of a particular issue is required, qualitative research should be undertaken (Marshall, 1996). Qualitative research allows an in-depth study of the phenomenon of interest and involves observing the phenomenon in its natural environment without any interventions (Runciman, 2002).The results yielded as a result of qualitative studies are transferable and such research answers ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions (Marshall, 1996). It provides a conceptual analysis of the issue and serves various different purposes including hypothesis generation, which can be further tested via using quantitative methods, to assess the pre-existing systems and functions and to convey to the policy makers the views and experiences of the individuals in question, amongst others (Fitzpatrick & Boulton, 1994).Qualitative research is thus â€Å"complex, contextual and influenced by the interaction of physical, psychological and social factors (Runciman, 2002). † In the other hand, quantitative research uses a deductive or reductionalist approach and is aimed at testing preset hypothesis (Marshall, 1996). The main implications of this kind of research is in assessing the effectiveness of various interventions or comparing two different study groups. Quantitative methodology yields generalizable results and produces answers to ‘what’ questions (Marshall, 1996).Keeping in mind the above mentioned basic differences between qualitative and quantitative research and their applicability in various situations, the best suited form of methodology which can be used in identifying the impact of the work-related stress of the paramedics on their family lives is qualitative methodology. This is because the issue at hand requires an in-depth exploration of the various aspects and consequences of the work-related stress on the individuals, their family life and their spouses and qualitative approach i s the most suitable for answering such questions.Problem identification and definition The introduction section of a research article is aimed at identifying the research problem, to determine the magnitude of the problem in the society and to provide the rationale behind carrying out the study (Parahoo, 2006). In this article, the author clearly defines the problem which led to the conduction of this study viz. the negative impact of the work-related mental stress that paramedics face on their spouses (Regehr, 2005) and adequately explain the theoretical framework behind this problem.According to the author, paramedics experience a considerable amount of mental and physical stress while at work and this influences their overall mood and affect. There are two main types of coping strategies that paramedics can adopt in order to overcome the mental distress they experience and these involve either remaining detached and emotionally aloof from the situations faced, i. e. emotional num bing, or explicitly sharing their experiences with others (Regehr, 2005).Neither of these strategies have been found to be useful since the former leads to a poor quality of relationships as the numbing prevails in everyday life and leads to an inability to emotionally engage and interact with others, and the latter has been found to induce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in the family members whereby they start experiencing stress similar to that faced by the paramedics (Regehr, 2005).The author thus surmises that the work related stress of paramedics does not only bring significant distress to the individuals in question, but also to their family members, in particular their spouses, and this is a considerable problem that warrants research in order to elucidate the factors contributing towards this problem (Regehr, 2005). Thus, in this article, the phenomenon of interest is clearly identified and the theoretical underpinnings of the problem have been adequately address ed.However, when defining the problem, the author does not explain why the qualitative study design would be best suited for this particular problem. Moreover, this section also lacks a discussion of the significance of this research and its outcome to everyday clinical practice, i. e. How would identifying and addressing this particular problem prove to be beneficial for paramedics and their spouses in the short and long-term? Literature Review The literature review provided in an article provides an in-depth view of the research done on the topic.It should be based on an extensive review of literature and discuss all aspects of the topic in question (Parahoo, 2006). In this article, a thorough and comprehensive literature regarding the different aspects of the effect of paramedics’ work-related mental distress on their family and spouses has been provided. Moreover, the literature is logically organized and leads the readers sequentially from problem identification to its i mpact and consequences.Using the literature, the author initially discusses the magnitude and nature of the emotional stress that paramedics face and then moves on to describe the role of the family in helping paramedics to deal with this stress (Regehr, 2005). The author then quotes and discusses the different studies which been carried out to elucidate the coping strategies used by paramedics to vercome the mental distress that they encounter and the effect of these strategies on the family members (Regehr, 2005), thus providing a framework and the rationale for conducting the study in question.However, the literature review of this article has certain shortcomings. Firstly, the literature review fails to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the studies carried out previously and the gaps in the research literature that exist. This is important so as to ascertain what new findings this study would contribute to the existing literature on the subject. Moreover, some of the lite rature qouted in this article dates back to almost two decades ago, e. g. Verboski and Ryan, 1988 and Nezu and Carnevale, 1987, and is thus outdated.This shortcoming could have been avoided by using more recent and up to date literature, which would have contributed further towards the strength of the article. Thus in conclusion, the literature review is adequately performed and suffiently describes the previous research conducted on the topic but has certain limitations and shortcomings. Methodology The methodology section is one of the most important sections of any article as this part guides the readers on how the study is actually being conducted. It has several important components. The different components of methodology of this article are critically reviewed below.Research Design The research design used is for this study is qualitative research. This method is appropriately chosen since this study aims to identify the different consequences that the paramedics’ life style and the pressures associated with their job has on their family life and their spouses and these consequences are influenced by several factors and can be studied from different aspects (Regehr, 2005). Qualitative research serves the purpose of studying a problem from several different perspectives and is conducted in a natural setting.It does not require any intervention or control group and is a mere observation of the phenomenon of interest, giving a holistic picture of the problem being addressed (Runciman, 2002). This study is meant to be an exploration of the experiences, concerns and issues of the spouses of paramedics and thus the qualitative method is best suited method for it. Sampling The sample for this study consisted of spouses of fourteen paramedics who were employed at two different emergency medical organizations. The author describes the rationale of using a sample size of fourteen participants, viz. ensuring the occurrence of saturation (Regehr, 2005).Satura tion is an important concept applicable to qualitative research. In general, it is an established fact that as the sample size increases the chances of conducting a random sample error decrease and thus, larger sample sizes are preferred in order to reduce the variability in the results (Marshall, 1996). However, at a certain point, no new information or themes are revealed from the data set and this is termed as saturation (Marshall, 1996). For qualitative studies, the sample size required is usually small but recruiting an adequate number of participants in order to achieve saturation should be ensured.In this article, the sampling method used is not stated explicitly but the technique used reveals that purposive sampling was used, i. e. spouses of paramedics were approached and asked to participate in this study (Regehr, 2005). This kind of sampling is best suited for qualitative studies, in particular those who focus on a particular group of individuals rather than on the genera l population. However, this article does not mention any particular inclusion or exclusion criteria for the study participants.Inclusion and exclusion criteria are important in minimizing the variability amongst participants and in the reduction of any confounding factors which might lead to variation in the results and thus compromise the validity and reliability of the study findings. Data Collection Strategies The data collection tools used were audio taped interviews which followed a semi-structured interview guide and notes on the impressions of the interviewers which were taken during peer debriefing sessions (Regehr, 2005). Using interviews for data collection has the advantage of focusing on human experiences and emotions regarding the problem.Moreover, the use of semi-structured interviews in this case served a dual purpose viz. ensuring standardization of the responses, which facilitates organization and interpretation of the results, and providing opportunity for the expl oration of arenas other than those limited to and specified in the interview guide. A limitation of the description of the data collection strategies for this study is that the particular questions and themes addressed during the interview are not mentioned explicitly and the article only mentions the broad categories to which the questions belonged, e.g. family situation, the effects of shift work, etc (Regehr, 2005). This has the potential for leaving the readers in doubt as to which issues are being addressed and which ones are being focused upon in particular. Moreover, the time required for each interview is not mentioned, neither is the setting in which the interview was conducted. The article also fails to mention how many interviewers were involved in the data collection process and the steps taken, if any, to reduce the variations in data collection amongst different interviewers and to minimize interviewer bias.Data Analysis Strategies The data thereby collected via the in terviews was initially analyzed for common themes using computer based software named NUD*IST Vivo. As described by the author, open coding was utilized in the first stage for the broad categorization of data and subsequently, selective coding was done (Regehr, 2005). The author also mentions that throughout the research process, the input of emergency service organization members was acquired in order to ensure transferability and conformability (Regehr, 2005).The data analysis section of this article is very brief and not enough information is presented for readers to replicate the methodology. The author does not mention the use of any particular data analysis strategies such as iterative analysis and data triangulation. Thus, the data analysis described by author, although possesses credibility, lacks in auditability. Results and Important Findings For qualitative studies, the results need to be extensively discussed and should include actual quotes and statements of the study p articipants to give a clear view of the outcome of the study to the readers (Parahoo).The results section of this article is very comprehensive and gives a clear overview of the study findings. By organization of the results obtained under different subheadings such as concerns about the dangers of the job, effect of stress and trauma on the paramedic and the family, etc, the results have been made clear and easily interpretable by the readers (Regehr, 2005). Moreover, the use of actual quotes of the study participants gives a clearer view of and provides a better understanding of the participant’s experiences and feelings.The results reveal that the author’s conceptualization and the theoretical framework presented initially were true to the data and the findings obtained. This study, in addition to describing the traumatic experiences and stressful situations faced by the paramedics and their effects on their lives and functioning which have also been previously eluc idated by various studies, also provides an insight to the hassles which paramedics and their families encounter (Regehr, 2005).As described in the results, these include shift work, overwork, scheduling issues and equipment and personnel issues (Regehr, 2005). The recognition of these hassles is also important in addition to identifying the consequences of traumatic and stressful experiences on family life as these hassles also contribute significantly towards the disruption of normal family routines and may give rise to conflicts and discontent amongst spouses.In addition, in my opinion, the use of easy language in presenting the results adopted by the author facilitates the understanding of the readers and stimulates their interest in the article. Thus, the results section of this article effectively and comprehensively summarizes the main findings of the study conducted and presents them in an interesting, coherent and simple manner. Discussion, recommendations and conclusions T he discussion section is, in effect, an integration of all the subsections of the article which leads to the generation of a concluding statement (Parahoo, 2006).This section is aimed at linking the themes discussed in the introduction and background section of the study, the literature review and the important results generated (Parahoo, 2006). In this article, the discussion overviews all the important results and pertinent findings and compares them with the research which has been previously conducted. Almost all of the findings of this study conform to the findings generated by previously conducted studies. One limitation of the discussion is that the author does not report any conflicting results reported by previously conducted studies, if they exist.Providing different points of view that exist regarding a particular matter helps in improving the reader’s perspective of the subject and aids them in forming their views and opinions regarding a particular matter. Anothe r important component of the discussion is the identification of issues which require further research. In this article, the author correctly identifies the shortcomings of the study, where they exist and identify potential areas for future research. For example, this study identifies two main coping strategies which paramedics use in the face of traumatic experiences, viz.expressing their distress and anguish via debriefing with family members or keeping their issues o themselves and â€Å"putting up a wall (Regehr, 2005). † This study, although identifies these issues, cannot investigate further in to which of these strategies is more effective in coping with the stress that paramedics experience. The author hence recommends that further studies should be conducted in this regard in order to further explore this arena. Similarly, since the results of this study are generalizable to a particular subset of population only i. e.the spouses of paramedics, another recommendation proposed by the author is to conduct studies similar to this one involving participants belonging to other professions in which emotional management for dealing with traumatic experiences is required such as amongst firefighters, police and military personnel (Regehr, 2005). This study also identifies that formal and informal support systems did exist in the emergency medical service organization and were being underutilized. Moreover, no similar support systems existed for family members of the paramedics (Regehr, 2005).The author, although identifies this issue, does not suggest any measures which can be taken to overcome the problem that this issue poses. Moreover, the implications of this research and the findings of this study in everyday clinical practice and for paramedics and their spouses have not been addressed by the author. All the above discussed sections of a research articles lead towards the conclusion section of the article. The conclusions are meant to answer the questions raised and the objectives that were defined prior to conducting the study.They are also meant to summarize the important results generated from the study. The conclusions presented in this article serve all these purposes and briefly summarize and reflect the study findings. Ethical Issues As opposed to quantitative studies, observational and qualitative studies do not involve any intervention on the part of the researchers. Despite this, acquisition of ethical approval before conducting qualitative studies is as imperative as it is while undertaking quantitative studies.In this study, the author does not mention taking ethical approval for conducting this study by the hospital ethical review boards of either of the two emergency medical organizations from which paramedics were identified for their spouses to be recruited in the study. Moreover, the article does not mention taking informed consent from the participants of the study. Informed consent is one of the most impo rtant basic principles of research and should always be obtained prior to recruiting participants for any study.Another important ethical aspect which is not addressed in this study is that this study identifies several issues such as the problems faced by paramedics and their families as a result of job-related mental trauma, the underutilization of available support systems by the paramedics and the absence of the availability of any similar support systems for the spouses and families (Regehr, 2005). However, after identifying these issues, the author does not propose any interventions which might be useful in order to overcome these issues or the probable solutions for the problems identified.References Blakely, M. R. , & Timmons, S. M. (2008). Life Style and Health Research. Nova Publishers. Figley, C. (1995). Compassion fatigue: Towards a new understanding of the costs of caring. In B. Stamm (Ed. ), Secondary traumatic stress: Self care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (pp. 3–28). Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press. Fitzpatrick, R. , & Boulton, M. (1994). Qualitative methods for assessing health care. Quality in Health Care , 107-113. Jonsson, A. , Segesten, K. , & Mattsson, B.(2003). Post-traumatic stress among Swedish ambulance personnel. Emergency Medicine Journal , 79-84. Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice , 522-526. McCann, L. , & Pearlman, L. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131–149. Parahoo, K. (2006). Nursing Research: Principles, Process and Issties. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Houndmills Basingstoke. Regehr, C. (2005).Bringing the trauma home: Spouses of Paramedics. Journal of Loss and Trauma , 97-114. Regehr, C. , Goldberg, G. , & Hughes, J. (2002). Exposure to Human Tragedy, Empathy, and Trauma in Ambulance Paramedics. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 505-513. Runciman, W. B. (2002). Qualitative versus quantitative research — balancing cost, yield and feasibility. Quality and Safety in Health Care , 146-147. Saakvitne, K. , & Pearlman, L. (1996). Transforming the pain: A workbook on vicarious traumatization. New York: Norton.

Mountain West Health Plans Inc Essays

Mountain West Health Plans Inc Essays Mountain West Health Plans Inc Essay Mountain West Health Plans Inc Essay Mountain West Health Plans Inc In every organization, success depends on, among other factors, the leadership exhibited by its management. Leadership may be defined as the behavioral act of creating conducive environment whereby people exploit their full potential with a view of realizing organization’s vision and mission. There are four key leadership styles, commonly referred to as Dimensional Behavioral Model, and illustrated as Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 representing dominant-hostile, submissive-hostile, submissive-warm, and dominant-warm respectively. In the case of mountain west health plans Inc. the leadership styles displayed by Quinn, Rasmussen and Evelyn are very elaborate and reflect directly to the performance of the organization. Evelyn Gustafson’s leadership style reflects Q3 whereby there is low concern for productivity but a very high concern for people. Being experienced and knowledgeable on the tasks, her main objective was to make sure that the whole of her d epartment’s staff was comfortable, happy and gave satisfactory information to subscribers. The latter was achieved through training and the end result was customer satisfaction and a very peaceful working environment. The style is useful in coordinating and harmonizing people in the firm. However, Evelyn’s overfriendliness to subordinates had a negative effect to the firm’s efficiency. She gave them too much freedom and breaks, the end result being few calls being made and complaints of customers hold-up. This style of management tends to be unstructured, decisions are made based on popularity, conflicts resolved on smoothing-over and there is likelihood that someone with, say Q1 behavior, may take advantage of the Q3 submissiveness. Evelyn derived her influence from happiness and comfort of subordinates around her with no complaints whatsoever. Her main desire was to satisfy her social needs. Erik Rasmussen on the other hand had a Q1 style of leadership whereby he preferred productivity over the feelings of people. His main objective was to ensure the number of calls went up, costs went down and efficiency improved, all of which he achieved. Erik was hostile and aggressive, he was a hands-on manager with a mind to win, and his communication was one way – ‘do it my way or leave’. This style focuses predominantly on results and it is well structured. Testimony to this is that Erik managed to raise turnover from 10% to 30%. However, the domineering effect of this style instills fear and insecurity, which leads to low morale and poor quality of output. In the case of Mountain West, although the number of calls increased, the quality of those calls reduced and led to increased complaints from unsatisfied customers due to inaccurate information by pressed staff. This style suppresses development of skills and denies subordinates opportunity to make independent decisions. Erik’s source of influence is the belief that people must be pushed to work and his desire to satisfy his recognition and respect needs. Quinn, as the leader in the firm, should recommendation that Erik reduce the hostility towards workers while at the same time maintaining the dominant effect by adopting the Q4 behavior. Once the workers feel respected, they will get motivated to work and will not be affected by the pressure exerted by Erik. This change will be possible through performance appraisal which will highlight the gains in output and the dwindling quality of work. Quinn will have to reiterate that the consequence of subscribers’ complaints will be loss of their confidence and probably loss of business. Therefore Eric should warm up to people but still be forceful. From the above discussion, the management style adopted by a manager is very crucial on the performance of the firm. The manager should have clarified expectations, be given freedom to perform and held accountable for the results. This will ensure that the best leadership style is followed.

Years of Change essays

Years of Change essays 4. The hopes and dreams of the League of Nation were quite realistic, although they simply rushed into them to fast. First of all, they tried to maintain the Treaty of Versailles. This frustarated Germany from the start, because they felt as though their honor was robbed from them. Later on, the League did not even notice the country reassembling their military troops, something the treaty outlawed. Trying to keep peace between Germany and the rest of the world was a realistic goal, but they simple did not go about it in the right way. Another reason that their realistic dreams of peace did not work was because they got started during an economical slump. The aftermath of the war left many countries with little money and trying to maintain perfect peace with no supplies was hard for many to do. The goals of the League of Nations were not complete quixotic, but they were just brought about in the wrong time, with the wrong forces behind it. 5. The Locarno treaty was very significant in the fact that it showed peace almost to be possible. Signed in 1925, the treaty was a reinforcement of the Treaty of Versailles. It seemed to secure peace between Europe's two biggest enemies; France and Germany. Germany decided to join the League of Nations after the signing of this treaty, putting her back into the international community. The League believed that after the signing of this treaty, a new era of peace would begin. Yet, each had a weakness that proved to be it's fatal flaw. The treaty of Lacarno was quite important in the fact that it showed the League of Nations dreams to be somewhat realistic. Although they had their problems, for one moment in time, there was peace between the worst of rivals. This shows that even though the League, to many, failed, it accomplished to demonstrate the kind of peace they were aiming for, even if it was only for a split second. 6. The economy collapse and the following of the Wall ...

Factors of Business Creation and Controlling

Factors of Business Creation and Controlling In this case study, the primary stakeholders include the television company, its employees and clients who constitute both small and big businesses. One of the relevant facts to the case study is that any business is established with an overall objective of making and increasing the profit margins. It is the increase in profits which makes businesses to grow and expand.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Factors of Business Creation and Controlling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another fact is that for a business to grow, it must be overseen by qualified and competent people. The other fact s is that business people always look at ways of cutting costs and maximizing the profits. They tend to avoid any cost which is avoidable. Oscar is a competent marketing researcher while Laurence is an ambitious general manager.One of the ethical issues which concerns Oscar is that of deontology.In business ethics, deontology requires employees to perform their duties as per the given instructions leaving no room for them to give their opinion regarding the consequences of their actions as they perform their duties. They are supposed to perform their duties as instructed because doing otherwise would be unethical (Seven oaks school, 2013). The deontological aspect in Oscar’s dilemma has to do with doing what is right as per a person’s duty. As a marketing research manager, he is supposed to do what he is advised to do by Laurence the general manager. According to deontologists, doing this is ethically correct despite the fact that it would lead to suffering by small businesses that may not be able to pay higher fees to the television station. In this case therefore, doing the right thing is not in any way linked to the consequences because deontological ethics has to do with what is right as per a person’s duty. Another ethical issue is that of Kants categorical imperative. Kant is famous for taking a neutral position on ethical matters. In his first way of formulating categorical imperative, he argues that one should act based only on those maxims for which he or she would be happy if the actions were to become universal laws. In his second formulation, Kant argues that we should treat humanity not only as an end in itself but also as a means to some end (Chadwick, 1993). In this case study, Kant’s categorical imperative applies through the second formulation of his categorical imperative which has to do with how to treat humanity. The company’s management seems to treat human beings just as means to some end but not as end. For instance, the general manager wants Oscar to do a subjective research which has the potential of locking out small businesses from accessing the television channels for advertisement purposes.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other ethical issue is that of utilitarianism.One of the key proponents of utilitarianism is Jeremy Bentham, who belong the 19th century philosophy. According to him, the principles of human interactions are based on the overall good. In this sense therefore, good is looked from an objective sense in that what is good is seen as what produces ‘good’ for the maximum number of people (Scarre, 1996). Utilitarianism can be explained using the principle of ‘the end justifies the means’, meaning if the end of a process or action is good, then the means of arriving at that end are also good and justifiable (Schofield, 2006). According to the model therefore, for an action to be considered as ethically or morally correct, it should have an outcome which benefits the maximum number of people. What this means is that people should focus on the end of a process but not the means of arriving at that end (Julia, 2009). In this case study therefore, the best action from a utilitarian perspective would be for Oscar to produce the subjective research findings as instructed by his boss Laurence. This is because the action will lead to an increment in profit margin by 28%, which would produce a maximum good despite the fact that it would impact negatively on the small businesses. Oscar therefore has two alternatives. One of them is to do as per the instructions of the general manager and end up losing his integrity as a marketing researcher. From a rights perspective, this alternative would lead to the violation of the rights of the stakeholders especially the small businesses who may not be able to pay high fees to use the television station for advertisement purposes. From a justice perspective, the action will be against the principle of natural justice which requires people or entities to be treated in a fair manner irrespective of their political, social or economic value. In this case study, Oscar seems to be the k ey determinant of the way forward. He should sit down with Laurence and convince him that doing a subjective research is not only unethical but also wrong and therefore unjustified. He should also show him the possible side effects of such a decision to the television station in case the stakeholders get to know about it.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Factors of Business Creation and Controlling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Chadwick, R. (1993).Immanuel Kant: Critical Assessments. New York, NY: Routledge. Julia,D. (2009). The History of Utilitarianism. Retreived 4th, August, 2013, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/#JerBen Scarre, G. (1996). Utilitarianism. New York, NY: Routledge. Schofield, P. (2006). Utility and Democracy: the Political Thought of Jeremy Bentham, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Seven oaks school. (2009).Ethical Egoism. Web.

Libya's progress towards democracy Research Paper

Libya's progress towards democracy - Research Paper Example Idris was a traditional emperor leader who had no concern for any self-governing principles and during his reign, Libya was mostly an impoverished nation with a life financial system; the country only relied on revenues from both the US and British airbases and international aid until 1959 when oil reserves were discovered (â€Å"History of Libya†). Idris was deposed in a bloodless coup that was led by the then 27 year old Muammar al-Gadhafi while away on a visit to Turkey; Gadhafi then immediately became commander-in-chief of the Libyan armed forces and Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council which was the new force governing Libya. Since 1979, Libya was predominantly a military dictatorship with Gadhafi earning a global distinction as one of the world’s most eccentric and unpredictable dictators (History World). Gadhafi’s political philosophy was multifaceted, deriving from Islam, socialism, and Arab nationalism as combined in his personal manifesto, the Green Book. Although the country was renamed as the People’s Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to mean that it was governance through the masses, it remained a personal rule by a single individual, Muammar al-Gadhafi. This paper will investigate whether Libya has made any recent progress towards democracy, especially after Gadhafi’s regime was brought to an end and whether the country has any history of democratic or liberal institutions. Since Muammar Qaddafi was ousted from power, Libya had been characterized by rough-and-tumble politics; this was attributed to the country’s inexperience given that it had been under a dictatorship regime for over four decades. Critics initially argued that given the lack of a government with a full democratic charge over issues in the country, Libya had very little if any hope of transitioning into a democracy; instead, Libya could only but hope for continued drift due to the lack of a cabinet that could assume sovereign author ity over security, finance and strategic development. However, if the recent trend is anything to go by, then Libya has great potential of transforming into democratic governance after four decades of civilian subjugation under Gadhafi’s Military dictatorship. Libya’s vibrant oil industry, increasing stability, and a strong public stand against violence are strong indicators of the countries commitment towards the establishment of a democratic government and democratic institutions (Thorne). In this respect, Libya has indeed witnessed a commendable progress in the move towards democracy, regardless of the myriad skepticism and the numerous constraints inherent in the country. Nevertheless, after a whooping four decades of a one man’s rule regime in Libya, it is not expected that the country would transform to a democracy in just over a fortnight, especially given the numerous constraints to democracy such as the inexistence of democratic institutions. However, t hough slow-paced, democracy is in the offing; all indicators show that there has been a concerted effort from various stakeholders to help the country transform to a Democracy. The remarkable progress towards democracy in Libya in the recent past has been witnessed especially on the political front after Muammar Gadhafi was ousted from power (â€Å"Libya: Despite everything†). In this respect, the newly elected General National Congress, a prototype parliament that came in place

Pharmacology Practical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pharmacology Practical - Essay Example The experiment provided a uniform temperature (37 degrees) for the enzyme activity, whereas in living systems the temperature usually varies within a given range. According to Yun, crude extracts of orlistat also contain an inactive component, which is a possibility in the in vivo action of orlistat that leads to the disparities between experimental values and theoretical values of IC50 (2010). The suggested dose of Orlistat is one 120 mg capsule immediately before, during or up to one hour after, each main meal. From the statement, In general, at therapeutic doses detection of intact Orlistat in plasma is sporadic and concentrations are extremely low ( Orlistat’s systemic absorption is minimal because most of it is largely maintained in the gastrointestinal tract. This is why extremely low plasma concentrations are observed after the intake of the drug (Bryant et al. 2011). Systemic absorption of Orlistat is not necessary for its activity because it provides its therapeutic action in the stomach lumen and ileum. Orlistat binds irreversibly to the amino acid residues serine present in the active sites of gastric and pancreatic lipases through the formation of covalent bonds. This binding inactivates the enzymes making them unavailable for the hydrolysis of dietary fat (triglycerides) into fatty acids and monoglycerides (Orlistat STADAÂ ® 60mg/120 mg 2011). Consequently, a caloric deficit ensues because of failure of absorption of the undigested triglycerides. The caloric deficit has a helpful outcome on the regulation of

Global Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Business - Essay Example The tradition based culture places emphasis on traditions, history and established conventions. The market systems in the tradition based cultures are dissimilar compared to the modern based cultures; hence, both social and economic factors influence the adaptation and development of marketing institutions. The willingness of the Chinese culture to relinquish its traditional ways and adopt new ones is unlikely. Culture influences the behavior of a customer. Company A must therefore, carry out a cultural orientation to establish and maintain, through vendor loyalty, adequate small retailers reinforced by an efficient, multi-tied distribution networks (Hall, 2000). Major Cross Cultural Issues There are a number of cross cultural issues which may affect or impact the manner in which Company A will conduct its marketing. The first one is the difference in leadership. A company from the west may find the rules and regulations of operations from China as being stringent. A company from the West is somewhat liberal and would find it find the conservative nature of the Chinese people as being somewhat limiting. The other aspect is the perception. The perception of people from the west and those from China is different. This stems from the fact that their cultures are different. With full appreciation of the facts, company A would require to get a somewhat different approach that would ensure that they capture as many clients as possible. The Impact of Cross-Cultural Ethical Differences in the Strategies of Marketing between the United States and China To promote and market in the Eastern Asian market, it is essential for the US to understand China’s culture. This means the US must have knowledge of the way the Chinese handle business, as well as how they market their merchandise. For example, the mode that Company A will use to publicize specialized machine locomotive modules may develop a direct effect on sales in China. Hence, it is important to note that adve rtising suitable in America could be offensive in China. The manner in which men and women interact is crucial in China. In addition, the Chinese are sensitive to advertisements that expose women negatively. Company A must consider such conditions when using women to advertise their products (Peterson, 2011). The Americans in China must consider what is essential to the Chinese when marketing in the country in order to advertise to them appropriately. Errors have been experienced where the Chinese did not heed to lubricant fighting soaps, while in reality, this was crucial to the Chinese. When Company A advertisements specialized machinery engine modules to the Chinese, it should contemplate what is essential to the Chinese in respect for it to market successfully. In addition, the Chinese run their businesses differently from the Americans, and people consider them harsh and rough in regard to their working strategies. Understanding the Chinese trade practices will enable Company A to have a cautious approach to negotiation, as the Chinese do not haste into assessments. They prefer reflecting over matters before making decisions. Lack of this information may cause Company A to encounter losses. This may happen when dealing with harsh suppositions such as extensive value increment, especially when there is little acknowledgement during consultations. These

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine Essay

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine - Essay Example The ability to communicate effectively has an implication in patient care. Some medical organizations has determined that the most frequent reason for complaints among patients against physicians is poor communication. Thereby, certain community groups have identified communication skills as essential component in medical practice and medical training. In order to provide a systematic approach and continuity to effective communication. The following information are recommended: 2. Case Models through Independent Community Based Inputs: Case presentations and teaching models should be critically examined to rule our unrecognized personal, cultural and professional biases and barriers. There are so many factors and skills that a medical professional and a patient can use to communicate with each other. One thing that a patient is looking at to most doctors is the trust they can acquire through effective explanation of all procedures and the trust they could get from the nurses on how effective they could deliver the health care services necessary for them to feel good from any diseases. Effective communication involves continuous process between doctors and doctors; doctors and nurses; doctors and patients; patients and nurses. Set skills are essential in order to implement it with confidence. Normally, the process starts with interviewing the patient by introducing self (doctor) and by simply doing an interactive line of questioning to the patient and assessment of the nature of complaint. At times, doctors can depend on facilitation movements specially for patients whos language is not the doctors language but the danger of merely relying on facilitation could be detrimental as this may cause incorrect diagnosis. Facilitations are done through eye contact, posture, gesture or even silence. Doctor to doctor communication varies from one another depending on the nature of the patients disease.

Common law and equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Common law and equity - Essay Example Equity was developed in order to overcome the inadequacies of common law. Equitable remedies are available in a number of areas where common law is either incapable of providing justice or is not faultless in providing justice to the individuals. The main purpose of equity jurisdiction is to support the existing laws. Equity was developed to propose principles that are either ignored by common law or not formally accepted in that set of law. Moreover, equity proposes certain remedies that are unavailable in common law. In certain circumstance, common law decisions or remedies are insufficient to provide justice to the innocent (Hudson, 2009). For instance, in the matters involving mortgages, where the lenders are to a piece of land as a security of the loan granted, the principles in equity and common law greatly distinguish from each other. Let’s assume that Angelina grants a loan of $5,000 to Joseph, after considering a piece of land as a security that worth $8,000. Accordin g to the contract, the land in question would be legally transferred on the name of the lender (Angelina), on the terms that she would retransfer the land on Josephs name if he repays the loan in the specified time. If Joseph fails to repay the loan in the specified time, common law gives no entitlement to Joseph for the land that was conveyed and the duty to repay the loan still exists. However, equity practices such situations in a different and more reasonable manner. According to the rules of equity, Joseph would be given another chance to repay the loan in a new specified time. If Joseph still fails to repay, the land which was let for security will be sold and the loan will be repaid. The additional amount would be given to Joseph as it belongs to him. It is not just the matters of mortgages where equity provides a more reasonable and just decision but it also works better in many other areas. Equity and common law are not only different in terms of laws and

The Issue of Masculinity in Short Stories Literature review

The Issue of Masculinity in Short Stories - Literature review Example As the paper outlines,  the issue of masculinity is a major subject in the three short stories. John Berger’s story ways of seeing tries to explain how women and men are viewed and perceived differently by society. During Berger’s time, the way women and men were represented culturally had extensive influence on their mutual perception, self, and conduct. In my view, the way Berger portrays the men and women is a true reflection of how they are viewed in the contemporary society where there is widespread gender discrimination, oppression of women by dominant men and objectification of women. As Berger aptly puts it, "men act – women appear"(72), men are judged by what they do or their action while women are always judged by their appearance. However, in contrast to the common notion that women are mere objects, they can be a source of inspiration as portrayed in â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† by Flannery O’Connor’s. Lucynell Crate r Offers Tom Shiftlet a chance to attain Grace. He had no friends, had been wandering but in the long run, Lucynell assists him to get a chance to work hard, get a household, live a quiet life and have an opportunity of watching the beautiful sunset. Although O’Connor’s story shows that women can influence men’s life, it is evident that sometimes men do not appreciate the assistance offered as proven by Shiftlet’s opinion on his marriage as he states, "that was just something a woman in an office did, nothing but paperwork and blood tests†(28). Although he had negative views of the marriage presided by a woman, it can be concluded that he was ultimately married legally to Lucynell’s daughter. My analysis of Tall Tales from the Mekong Delta by Kate Braverman show that society views women as people who can be influenced easily by men to engage in immorality. Braverman states, â€Å"The thrill of motorcycle rides and diamonds offered by Lenny h ad a great influence on her substance abuse†.

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine Essay

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine - Essay Example The ability to communicate effectively has an implication in patient care. Some medical organizations has determined that the most frequent reason for complaints among patients against physicians is poor communication. Thereby, certain community groups have identified communication skills as essential component in medical practice and medical training. In order to provide a systematic approach and continuity to effective communication. The following information are recommended: 2. Case Models through Independent Community Based Inputs: Case presentations and teaching models should be critically examined to rule our unrecognized personal, cultural and professional biases and barriers. There are so many factors and skills that a medical professional and a patient can use to communicate with each other. One thing that a patient is looking at to most doctors is the trust they can acquire through effective explanation of all procedures and the trust they could get from the nurses on how effective they could deliver the health care services necessary for them to feel good from any diseases. Effective communication involves continuous process between doctors and doctors; doctors and nurses; doctors and patients; patients and nurses. Set skills are essential in order to implement it with confidence. Normally, the process starts with interviewing the patient by introducing self (doctor) and by simply doing an interactive line of questioning to the patient and assessment of the nature of complaint. At times, doctors can depend on facilitation movements specially for patients whos language is not the doctors language but the danger of merely relying on facilitation could be detrimental as this may cause incorrect diagnosis. Facilitations are done through eye contact, posture, gesture or even silence. Doctor to doctor communication varies from one another depending on the nature of the patients disease.

The Issue of Masculinity in Short Stories Literature review

The Issue of Masculinity in Short Stories - Literature review Example As the paper outlines,  the issue of masculinity is a major subject in the three short stories. John Berger’s story ways of seeing tries to explain how women and men are viewed and perceived differently by society. During Berger’s time, the way women and men were represented culturally had extensive influence on their mutual perception, self, and conduct. In my view, the way Berger portrays the men and women is a true reflection of how they are viewed in the contemporary society where there is widespread gender discrimination, oppression of women by dominant men and objectification of women. As Berger aptly puts it, "men act – women appear"(72), men are judged by what they do or their action while women are always judged by their appearance. However, in contrast to the common notion that women are mere objects, they can be a source of inspiration as portrayed in â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† by Flannery O’Connor’s. Lucynell Crate r Offers Tom Shiftlet a chance to attain Grace. He had no friends, had been wandering but in the long run, Lucynell assists him to get a chance to work hard, get a household, live a quiet life and have an opportunity of watching the beautiful sunset. Although O’Connor’s story shows that women can influence men’s life, it is evident that sometimes men do not appreciate the assistance offered as proven by Shiftlet’s opinion on his marriage as he states, "that was just something a woman in an office did, nothing but paperwork and blood tests†(28). Although he had negative views of the marriage presided by a woman, it can be concluded that he was ultimately married legally to Lucynell’s daughter. My analysis of Tall Tales from the Mekong Delta by Kate Braverman show that society views women as people who can be influenced easily by men to engage in immorality. Braverman states, â€Å"The thrill of motorcycle rides and diamonds offered by Lenny h ad a great influence on her substance abuse†.

The History of Valentines Day Essay Example for Free

The History of Valentines Day Essay The story goes that when the Roman Empire wars broke out married men did not want to leave their families, younger men did not want to leave their sweethearts. As a result of the low enrolment of men to fight the wars, Claudius the Cruel ordered that no more marriages or engagments should be celebrated. A priest, named Valentine, defied the order and married young couples in secrtcy. When Claudius discovered what had happened, he had Valentine dragged off and imprisoned, where he died. What he did for young lovers was remenbered and is still celebrated on St. Valentines Day. Steps: 1. Italic, center and increase the font size of the title to 18 points. 2. Make the paragraph 12 points Courier New (not the title) 3. Indent the first line of the paragraph 4. Underline the words â€Å"men† in the paragraph 5. Bold any form of the word â€Å"Valentine† in the paragraph 6. Spell check the document (there should be 2 spelling errors, but Claudius is spelled correctly) 7. Highlight the answer to the following question: Who married young couples when it was ordered that no more marriages should be celebrated? 8. Use the cut and past options to put the following steps in order: Valentine was imprisoned for not following orders Claudius the Cruel ordered not more marriages. Married and young men didn’t want to leave their loved ones for war. 9. Include a header in the right upper corner. 10. Insert and center below the corrected story a clip art of a valentine or other mentioned item of the story.

Roles And Responsibilities In Education And Training

Roles And Responsibilities In Education And Training Understanding roles, responsibilities and relationships in education and training Oxford Dictionaries defines a role as â€Å"the function assumed or part played by a person †¦.in a particular situation†. It defines responsibility as â€Å"a thing which one is required to do as part of a job, role, or legal obligation†. The role of a teacher is varied and you are required to â€Å"wear many hats: friend, counsellor, judge, mentor, hundreds of roles and different roles for different classes†¦ â€Å"(Holtrop, 1997). The teacher needs to create a safe learning environment, facilitates open communication, and encourages students to discuss the material, whilst assessing the various learning styles in order to utilize the most appropriate teaching methods. It is important that all students have equal access to the learning. The roles and responsibility of the teacher can best be understood in terms of the teaching cycle. This is based on the learning cycled developed by David. A. Kolb (1984). Identifying needs and planning: The teacher (as an evaluator) needs to assess the students in order to establish their learning styles. A widely used learning style model in education is known as VARK (Fleming 2006). It is important to understand previous learning experiences and such factors as special educational needs. Having completed the assessment and established their needs. The teacher needs to develop a lesson plan, reaching all the students and that will deliver the learning outcomes. Designing the learning: The teacher’s role is to develop a lesson plan to ensure the syllabus/course material are completed on time, taking into account the course length and sessions available. The teacher needs to design the sessions using different teaching methods that take into account the students learning style s. He will also need to consider the resources required and the assessment methods to be used. Implement (facilitate): The teacher (as facilitator) needs to deliver the plan of learning in such a manner to ensure students are engaged and focused in each session. Students will need to understand the aims of the session and the outcomes expected. The teacher needs to deliver the planned session material, using the various resources, activities (e.g. worksheets, QA) and teaching methods identified during the design stage. He needs to be aware that he may need to adapt the session if students experience difficulties. Assessing: The teacher (as the assessor) is responsible for the continuous assessment of the students in order to ensure students are involved and understand the session. It is important to use a variety of methods. Two of the most recognised are formative assessment which contributes to learning through providing feedback, and summative which demonstrates the extent of the learner’s success in meeting the required criteria. It must provide the teacher and student with a clear picture of the students understanding and progress being made. The assessments need to be reliable and consist enabling the teacher to provide any help required to make changes and improve the students’ progress. Evaluating: check learning and initiate change. The teacher must make sure all the administrative and organizational requirements have been completed, included the requirements by external bodies (i.e. awarding bodies). The teacher needs to evaluate the results of the students in the context of the course design, learning methods and resources used. This reflection needs to use to make the next session more successful. A teacher in the life-long learning sector needs to interact with other professionals depending on the situation. These may include managers, other support staff (e.g. librarians, technicians, facilities staff) administrators, managers, employers and governors. These conflicting demands may cause strain for the teacher. A teacher may be required to call on the expertise and advice of others in order to resolve issues faced by students e.g. abuse, illness, financial hardship, bullying, stress, study skills issues and depression. It is important to learn when a particular circumstance falls within their role or when it is more effectively dealt with by another trained professional. Often there is no clear line and it will depend on the issue the teacher is faced with, also causing strain. There are a variety of functions and professionals available to the teacher within the organization. A teacher is unlikely to come into contact with external professionals (e.g. Citizens Advice, Socia l Care), without prior internal consultation. A teacher must understand his own professional boundaries by acting professional, behaving appropriately towards students, being observant, managing inappropriate behaviour, creating a safe learning environment and only meeting students at the place of learning. He will undertake other many roles. Boundaries can be understood as the need to recognise role limitations and understand when further help is required, beyond what can be given. This is a point of referral and will depend on the nature of the student, the nature of the issue and the nature of the role the teacher is in. The teacher may identify behavioural issues and refer early to the tutor to resolve this. He may suspect undiagnosed cases of dyslexia or dyscalculia in more mature students and after discussions with the student, refer him to the learning support for assistance. A teacher may suspect a safe guarding issue (e.g. bullying at home or some form of abuse) due a student’s behaviour. This may be a vulnerable adult in a care situation. He should discuss this with the safe guarding officer and refer the student. The safe guarding officer can share information with other organisation to ensure appropriate action can be taken. Legislation applies to the lifelong learning sector and teachers must ensure that relevant legislation is met. It is important to keep up to date as it can change. A framework of acts has be implemented for the protection of children and vulnerable groups. The first, Protection of Children Act 1999 requiring adults who come into contact with children or vulnerable adults to be subject of an enhanced check by the Criminal Records Bureau. This was followed by the Children Act 2004 â€Å"Every Child Matters: Change for Children† (ECM). EMC promotes the well-being of children, young people (aged 0-19) and vulnerable adults focusing on five outcomes: Be healthy, Stay Safe, Enjoy and achieve; Make a positive contribution; and Achieve economic well-being. It introduced the requirement for information to be shared between organisations. The Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups legislation 2006 aims to prevent unsuitable people from working with children or vulnerable adults by vetting (Dis closure and Barring Service) all those who wish to do such work and barring those who pose a risk of harm based on the information held. Within FE institutions the role of the Safe guarding officer brings all these requirements together, ensuring sharing with other groups takes place. Health and Safety at Work 1974. This sets out the general duties employers have towards employees and members of public, and employees have to themselves and to each other. It defines the duties (so far as is reasonably practicable) the employer has to look at what the risks are in the work place and to take sensible measures to tackle them. The teacher must ensure learners are briefed appropriately to ensure a safe classroom (e.g. fire briefing), and to undertake risk assessment for any activities outside the classroom. Data Protection Act 1998 defines the law on the processing of personal data and governs the protection of personal data held by companies and organisations. It sets out eight data prot ection principles that are required to adhere to. There is an exception allowing the sharing of data for safe guarding. A teacher must follow the policy set down by the organisation using the systems and tools provided e.g. attendance tracking, progress tracking etc. Equality Act 2010 protects people from discrimination in the work place and wider society. It brings together several pieces of legislation covering discrimination. It defines a number of protected characteristics (age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation) for which groups or individuals cannot be discriminated against. The teacher must be aware of these and ensure that he is inclusive and does not exclude any student. A teacher needs to be aware of the role of a number of other bodies such as: Ofqual regulates qualifications, examinations and assessments in England. Its task is to maintain standards by recognising and monitoring organisat ions that deliver qualifications. Ofsted inspects and regulates services which care for children and young people, and those providing education and skills for learners of all ages. It set standards of teaching in schools and colleges, initial teacher education, work-based learning, and other such services through an inspection/regulatory framework in England. It is important that teacher’s know and understand Ofsted’s inspection framework. Awarding bodies develop and award qualifications to meet the needs of learners, employers and other stakeholders. They focus on developing qualifications, approving centres to deliver these. Teachers work closely with these bodies in the development of courses and delivery. Institute for Learning (IFL) is the independent body for individual teachers, trainers, tutors, assessors and other professional the further education and skills sector. It is important as it introduced a code of practise (2008), covering professional integrity, respect, reasonable care, and professional practise, thus providing a professional standard for FE teachers. Membership became voluntary (2012). Many of its responsibilities will be transferred to the Education and Training Foundation (2014). Task B reflective account Explain why it is important to promote appropriate behaviour and respect for others It is important to promote appropriate behaviour and respect for others to create a safe learning environment in which all students will have an equal opportunity to learn. This can be achieved through a defined set of ground rules for the group of learners. There are a variety of ways this can be achieved. I can set them as the teacher, or the learners can set them or we can do it together. It is best to have the rules agreed jointly and this can be done in a group discussion. Students are more likely to follow these grounds rules as they participated in their formation and will feel ownership. Ground rules should be written down and a copy given to all students and displayed in the classroom. I as the teacher still have a central role as Wallace (2007) states â€Å"The teacher can themselves provide a model of appropriate behaviour†. My behaviour needs to reinforce the â€Å"ground rules† by me being on time, treating all students as individuals, supporting students a s necessary, teaching in an inclusive way and encouraging students to behave in a positive way. This will establish a positive and respectful working relationship, enabling me to focus on managing and challenging inappropriate behaviour demonstrated by any of the students. The methods used by me need to address issues early, they need to be non-judgemental, not put a student down, or use inappropriate language. The key is to maintain respect. Explain ways to promote equality and value diversity It is vital to promote equality and diversity in the FE sector. As a teacher I have to be inclusive and accessible to all my students, respect and celebrate the diversity of them as individuals, and ensure that I exclude no one through my actions: Equality I must ensure that every student is treated in the same way and I meet their needs, and if need be in different ways. All students are entitled to be taught according to their needs irrespective of differences. I will have assessed each students learning style, and I have to adapt my teaching style to help students overcome any learning difficulties they might have. I need to take those differences in account when I delivery the course material, and have the appropriate resources available for students with disabilities or learning difficulties. I need to ensure classroom is physical suitable for all the students. I must challenge any inappropriate behaviour e.g. inappropriate discriminating language, bullying. Diversity This appli es to everyone regardless of age, sex, religion, race, or nationality. As a teacher I have to recognise that students learn in different ways, and to take this as well as their social/cultural backgrounds and the experience they bring with them into account. Lesson plans must include realistic learning challenges students can achieve, whilst allowing for diversity through differentiated activities. I must be prepared for these activities. These activities can draw on the diversity within the group e.g. different religious festivals, living in different cultures/countries, and different life experiences. Explain why it is important to identify and meet individual learner needs Petty (1998:69) states: ‘All students must feel that they are positively and equally valued and accepted, and that their efforts to learn are recognised, and judged without bias. It is not enough that they are tolerated. They must feel that they, and the groups to which they belong (e.g. gender, social-class or attainment groups) are fully and equally accepted and valued by you, and the establishment in which you work’. It is important for me as the teacher to identify and meet individual learner needs in order to ensure students’ can learn and achieve their goals irrespective of any barriers that might exist such as race, gender, social group, disability, age, sexual orientation or religion. Every learner must have equal access to the learning opportunity so he can maximise his potential. I do this by identifying needs of the students through continuously assessing their progress and their performance during the course and individual session. This taken with my p reviously established understand of their learning styles will allow me to prepare the session material in several ways to ensure all students needs are meet, that they are able to fully understand meet their learning outcomes. I must provide any students with special educational needs support within the regular session and not to isolate them. By understanding the students’ needs I can use a variety of different teaching styles (e.g. language, body language, visual aids, and multi-media material) to ensure none of the students are isolated and are able to fully participate in the session. It is also important to understand the students’ needs as this will enable me to gain an insight in what motivates them and why they want to learn. I can engage them more fully in the learning experience, leading to improved outcomes for them. In teaching Maslow’s â€Å"hierarchy of needs† (Maslow.A.1943) and the expectancy-value theory of motivation (Eccles.J.1983) pro vide a framework to understand motivation.

The Adventures Of Huckleberry :: essays research papers

In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, Huck considers himself to be an ignorant fool, and an over all bad person that should be looked down upon. However, through out his story, without ever realizing it, Huck manages to live through many incredible advetures, and commit unselfish acts that would consider him to be a true hero. It could even be taken to the extent that Huck Finn lived a more down to earth version of Homer ¡Ã‚ ¯s Odyssey. After all, they are both stories of a reliable person going through the biggest adventures of their lives, while facing certain types of monsters, while using their cleverness in order to escape many obstacles. Tho only main difference in this is the fact that while Odysseus faced more mythical challenges, Huck braved through the challenges of his modern society, and the types of people in it. But even so, one could easily say that Huckleberry Finn made almost the exact same journey as Odysseus, with a slightly modern twist added to it. To start, both characters have reasonings behind their journeys as to why they start it. Odysseus began his sea bound adventure because of the fact that he was allowed his freedom from Calypso, who has been holding him captive in hopes of turning him into her husband. So Odysseus is allowed to set sail back to his homeland. Huck set out his adventure because he was attempting to escape from his drunken Pap, who was holding him captive in order to get money. Huck manages to escape on a raft, and set sail. At the end of Huck ¡Ã‚ ¯s adventure, he does in fact end up in what will be his home. The two scenario ¡Ã‚ ¯s are similar for many reasons. For example, both Huck and Odysseus are being held captive for one reason or another. Calypso wanting Odysseus for a husband is just like Pap wanting Huck for his money. To add on to this point, both of them manage to escape throught the use of a raft. The only difference there is the fact that Odysseus is setting sail through the seas, while Huck takes on his adventure through the Mississsippi River. Next in comparison between the two stories would be the use of monsters ¡Ã‚ ± used throught out the adventures. In The Odyssey, Odysseus is forced into fights and challenges that largely deal with monsters, such as the Cyclops, which is a giant, single red eyed beast with the body of a human.

Abortion :: essays research papers

Glasgow, Scotland. It's cold outside. I'm thinking about a problem. One group of people trying to force their beliefs on others, based on religion. And it seems as though we're regressing. Above, a helicopter flies by. If it continues on its course, it will shortly be over Ireland, where as of this writing, the powers that be are deciding if a 14-year-old girl who was raped by the father of one of her friends should be allowed to leave for Britain to obtain an abortion. She's been ordered not to leave the country for nine months. Fourteen years old. Raped. The issue of an unborn fetus takes on more importance than the fact that the rapist walks free. Extreme, but this is a place where the church influences the government. And when I think of the movements concerning abortion in the United States, it definitely seems as though we're regressing. "My body's nobody's body but mine... You run your own body, let me run mine." At the University of San Diego a few years ago, pro-lifers gathered, while pro-choicers chanted the above. Sides clashed and tension ran high. A banner equating pro-choice ideology with Nazism and Hitler was displayed. "Baby Killers," a little red stop sign said -- a sign held by a well-dressed 3-year-old who sat atop the shoulders of his upper-middle class father. The kid looked confused and frightened. The ominous presence of armed police on horseback would be enough to upset anyone. And I wondered how this child got pulled into this? I wondered how any of us got pulled into this. The fact is that those people handing down decisions on the abortion issue are not the ones who will have to live or die by it. Ten years old. That's the age my child would have been. And I would not be here in Glasgow. I wouldn't be in this band or traveling. And I wouldn't have seen the liberal ways in which other countries we have visited deal with this issue. I wouldn't have been asked to write this piece. The fact that I've been through it on all levels is the only reason I accepted. Perhaps I'll have a child in the future, when I can provide properly. Who knows. But as individuals in this "free" country, we must have the right to choose when that time is right. A couple -- perhaps 15 or 16 years old, maybe 10 years older -- is faced with an unwanted pregnancy; it makes no difference if there is no means of support.

Twelth Night by Shakespeare

* Characters; I have a recommended choice from either, 1. Olivia, The countess of the countess's household. 2. Viola, A visitor of the Island Illyria, which will later be called Cesario. 3. Malvolio, The countess's steward. I am going to choose Viola. Because I believe that there is more information to write up on this character because of two sides's to write about one person. (So therefore, more to write about and less research!) How would you present your character in a film/theatre production? I would present my Twelfth Night play as a film, due to sound, lighting, and computer effects, and also because you can change the scenery in a matter of second's in a film where as you can only use 1 set in a theatre. Example; In act1 scene2 where the play mentions that the â€Å"Captain† and â€Å"Viola† are on the sea coast of Illyria with pieces of shipwreck all over the beach. After having a good old chat about where they are, it cuts short to act1 scene3 in Orsinos palace. In a theatre that would be hard to do (maybe impossible!) But in a film it would be easy. The only reason that I would go for a theatre approach is if I wanted it to be traditional. (Which I don't!) I would also base the costumes in Elizabethan times, because then the dialect would go with the clothing. My play would be based on a Mediterranean Island that all the people that live on the island talk a hint of Italian, but not the clown (feste) and visitors. Viola is on a ship with her brother (Sebastian) and crew on their way to a unknown destination, until, a large storm hits the vessel causing all members on board to abandon ship. Most of the crew survive but are unknown in the play; the Captain and Viola escape on the same life raft and get washed up on the shores of Illyria. This island is where the whole of the play takes place and where the countess and duke both live. The play begins; The play starts off at Orsio's palace (act1 scene1), with Orsino saying â€Å"if music be the food of love play on† (words follow) and goes to act 1 scene 2, which shows viola and the captain in a life boat all tired and disorientated, Viola â€Å"what country is this dear sir?† Captain â€Å"this place be Illyria, me lady† Viola â€Å"and what should I do in Illyria? My brother he is in Elysium. Perchance he is not drowned; what think you sir? Captain â€Å"It is perchance that you were saved, me lady† Viola â€Å"O my poor brother, he did not live to see the light of day†¦ And so perchance he maybe.† And so on so forth, they keep talking about how she has to become male to be a servant of the duke, so, the captain and her promise to not tell anyone that she's not a man. But the bit that I find funny is that she pretends to be a male by saying that she was castrated as a young lad and that her/his voice hadn't broke. (That was hard to explain!) Act 2 scene 1 Act 2 scene 1 tells you that Sebastian (viola's brother) is alive and well! But not only that but he's on the coast of Illyria as well. Act 2 scene 3 Act 2 scene 3 introduces you to feste the fool! (Clown) I find feste the most interesting character because not only is he more clever than most people on the island Example; Act1 scene5 line 53 Olivia â€Å"well, sir, for want to other idol ness, I'll bide your proof† Feste â€Å"Good Madonna, why morn'st thou?† Olivia â€Å"good fool, for my brothers death† Feste â€Å"I think his soul is in hell, Madonna† Olivia â€Å"I know his soul is in heaven, fool† Feste â€Å"the more fool you Madonna, to mourn your brothers soul being in heaven. Take away the fool gentlemen.† but he uses technical words to humiliate other people. Feste belongs to the duke to humiliate people and to please him e.g. jokes, dance, and sing songs. Example; O mistress mine, where are you coming? O stays and hears, for your true loves coming, That can sing for both high and low. Trip no further, pretty sweeting; Journeys end in lovers meeting Every wise man son doth know.

Little Miss Sunshine Essay

In the exposition the audience is first introduced to Richard on stage giving his ‘9 step’ speech. The directors use a low angle shot suggesting that he is a superior and authoritative character. Richards powerful voice booms through the room when he says the dialogue â€Å"there are two types of people in this world winners and losers†, the way Richard speaks makes him appear to be a ‘winner’ and that he truly believes in the ‘9 step’ program he is trying to sell. Dayton and Farris create a false impression of Richard, making the audience believe that he is a â€Å"winner†. Ironically once Richard finishes his speech, the camera pans to his audience, which is none other than a classroom of ten people hesintly clapping, this diminishes his position of power instantly. This shows the timeless idea that ‘winning is not everything’ because that when a person who’s only goal is winning are in fact ‘losers†™ because they are not learning the important lessons in life that come with this journey so they don’t fully succussed. When people focus to hard on winning they miss out on the more important lessons that come with this adventure. The idea that winning is everything for Richard creates a false world for him. Richard in his own mind thinks that he is a winner but it is clear to the audience that he is not. Richard is to consumed in winning which leads him into unintentionally being mean to Olive. The dialogue â€Å"Don’t apologise Olive, it’s a sign of weakness† shows how Richard is trying to force his beliefs onto Olive. The close up of Olive (that follows) looking nerves and sad that her father thinks she’s weak shows the audience that Richard is too focussed on winning which leads him to hurting innocent Olive . This shows the timeless idea that ‘winning is not everything’ because if we focuses to much on winning that it can lead us to forgetting our morals and hurting the people we love, making us ‘losers’ in the real things that matter like family and love. Dayton and Farris use the character Richard to show the audience that winning is not everything. On the road journey Richard also takes an emotional journey and discovers that life is not all about winning. Richard slowly changes through out the movie into a true winner because he starts caring for other people and starts to use his ‘9 steps’ rather than blankly speaking about them. Nsdghjgtsjdgh The first sign of this positive change is when. The directors use a two person shot of Richard and the pageant coordinator to show how Richard has changed for the better. The dialogue â€Å"what is your daughter doing?† Richard replies â€Å" she’s kicking ass† shows how Richard has changed and now understands that ‘winning is not everything’. In this two person shot Richard appears to be the true winner because has now come to realise the one of the true meanings of winning which is having a loving family, while the pageant coordinator is still focussed on the idea that winning is everything, this shows how Richard was and how he has changed for the better. This shows the timeless idea that winning is not everything because when he realises that it’s not all about winning , he becomes a winner because now he values his values his family and now isn’t focussed on just winning. Dayton and Farris help us to understand that we shouldn’t put all our effort into â€Å"stupid meaningless competitions† but instead focus on the truly important things in life. Through Richards change the audience learnt the timeless idea that ‘winning is not everything . Dayton and Farris show that though someone may appear to be a ‘winner’ and successful in life, this is not always true and what is on the inside and how you treat people is more important. By Richard realising that the true values in life are love and relationships not success we are shown that we should focus on the true values in lif e for us.